What constitutes "workplace bullying"?

"Workplace bullying" is defined as repeated, health-harming mistreatment of one or more individuals by one or more perpetrators in a work environment. This definition emphasizes the pattern of behavior that is harmful rather than isolated incidents. It typically involves actions such as verbal abuse, intimidation, ridicule, or undermining a person's work performance, which can create a toxic work culture and negatively impact employee well-being.

In contrast, healthy competition among employees fosters a positive and motivating atmosphere, encouraging productivity and collaboration without malicious intent. A one-time argument between colleagues does not meet the criteria for workplace bullying, as it lacks the repetition and ongoing nature required to classify as bullying. Additionally, constructive criticism offered by management is aimed at improving performance and should be delivered in a supportive manner, differentiating it from bullying behavior that is destructive and demeaning. Hence, the correct identification of workplace bullying focuses on the repetitive and harmful aspects that create a hostile work environment.