What distinguishes a job description from a job specification?

A job description and a job specification serve distinct but complementary purposes in the human resources domain. A job description primarily focuses on outlining the duties, responsibilities, and tasks associated with a particular role. It serves as a detailed summary of what the job entails, providing insight into what the employee is expected to accomplish on the job and the context within the organization.

On the other hand, a job specification centers around the qualifications and attributes required for an individual to successfully perform the job. This includes education, skills, experience, and other criteria necessary for candidacy, ensuring that candidates meet the baseline requirements for the position.

The choice that accurately reflects this distinction highlights that a job description details job duties, while a job specification explains the required qualifications. This clear differentiation is crucial for recruiters and hiring managers as they develop hiring criteria and evaluate candidates’ fit for the role. Understanding these distinctions can assist in crafting more effective job postings and selection criteria, leading to a better alignment between role expectations and candidate capabilities.